Introduction

Each October, Breast Cancer Awareness Month reminds us of the importance of vigilance, knowledge, and timely action. One of the most powerful tools in the fight against breast cancer is early detection — and nothing achieves that better than a properly timed mammogram.

The Power of a Mammogram

A mammogram is a low-dose X-ray of the breast that can detect subtle changes long before they can be felt or cause symptoms. Regular screening helps identify cancers when they are smaller, less advanced, and far more treatable.

In the UK, women aged 50 to 70 are invited for a screening mammogram every three years through the NHS Breast Screening Programme. Women with a family history of breast cancer or those considered higher risk may be offered screening earlier and more frequently.

Even if you feel well, attending your screening appointment is one of the most effective ways to protect your breast health. If you’ve received an invitation — make the appointment. It could make all the difference.

Top 5 Questions Women Commonly Ask About Breast Health

1. When should I have a mammogram?

For most women, screening begins between ages 50 and 70, every three years. If you have a family history of breast cancer or other risk factors, your GP or specialist may arrange earlier or additional screening. Don’t wait for symptoms — screening works best before a problem arises.

2. What are the early signs of breast cancer?

Breast cancer can be subtle at first, but changes to look for include:

• A new lump or thickening in the breast or armpit
• A change in breast size, shape, or contour
• Skin dimpling, puckering, or redness
• Nipple inversion, discharge, or rash
• Persistent pain or discomfort in one area of the breast

If you notice any of these signs, book a professional review promptly.

3. Does having dense breasts affect my risk or screening?

Yes. Women with dense breast tissue (more glandular than fatty tissue) may have a slightly higher risk of breast cancer, and dense tissue can make small changes harder to see on a mammogram. If you’ve been told you have dense breasts, your clinician may recommend additional imaging, such as ultrasound or MRI.

4. If I find a lump, is it always cancer?

No — many breast lumps are benign, such as cysts or fibroadenomas. However, you can’t tell by feel alone. Any new lump or breast change should be checked by a healthcare professional. Early assessment provides reassurance — or early treatment if required.

5. Can I rely on self-examination alone?

Being aware of your normal breast shape and feel is important — but self-examination should never replace mammogram screening. Many cancers are too small to detect by touch, so regular screening and awareness are both vital. If you notice a change, arrange a review rather than waiting.

What You Can Do Now

• Book your mammogram if you’re due — even if you have no symptoms.
• Be breast aware — check your breasts regularly and note what’s normal for you.
• Know your risk — discuss family history or personal risk factors with your GP.
• Encourage others — remind friends and relatives to attend screening.

If you’ve been told you have dense breasts or a higher risk, talk to your clinician about whether additional imaging might be suitable. Early detection saves lives — and every conversation about breast health helps raise awareness.

Next Steps if You’ve Found a Lump

If you’ve discovered a lump or change in your breast, don’t panic — most lumps are not cancer. But it’s important to have them checked as soon as possible.

Book an appointment with your GP for an urgent referral to a breast cancer assessment clinic, where you’ll undergo a triple assessment:

• Clinical breast examination
• Imaging (mammogram and/or ultrasound)
• Needle biopsy if required2. If you have private medical insurance, you can contact your insurer directly to arrange an appointment with a breast surgeon — without needing a GP referral.
• I see insured and self-funding patients every Monday at Nuffield Health Tunbridge Wells Hospital for rapid assessment and diagnosis.3. If a biopsy is needed, it’s advisable to bring paracetamol with you, in case of mild tenderness afterwards.Seeking assessment early ensures peace of mind — and, if necessary, timely treatment.

Final Thoughts

Breast Cancer Awareness Month is more than a campaign — it’s a reminder that small actions can have a life-changing impact. Booking your mammogram or acting on a concern early can make an enormous difference. Awareness saves lives — but taking action makes the real difference.

About Miss Victoria Teoh

Miss Victoria Teoh is a Consultant Oncoplastic Breast and Plastic Surgeon, dually qualified in reconstructive and aesthetic breast surgery. She works across the NHS and private sectors, specialising in oncoplastic breast reconstruction, implant-based and perforator flap surgery, and aesthetic breast and body contouring procedures.

She consults privately at:
Nuffield Health Tunbridge Wells Hospital – Breast cancer assessment clinics (Mondays)
Purity Bridge, Tunbridge Wells – Cosmetic consultations only

By Miss Victoria Teoh